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Construction Tech Review | Tuesday, March 03, 2026
FREMONT, CA: HVAC systems regulate residential and commercial buildings using fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, and heat transfer principles. The air handling unit (AHU) processes and prepares the air.
HVAC system
HVAC is responsible for heating and cooling buildings and providing ventilation to escape moisture. These large systems, typically requiring dedicated space, consist of boilers, air conditioning units, fans, and moisture vents. They are interconnected and interrelated air control systems, ensuring efficient and comfortable living spaces.
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AHU (Air handling unit)
An Air Handling Unit (AHU) is designed to improve indoor air quality by combining various components. Air filters are essential for removing common airborne pollutants from the atmosphere, such as dust, pollen, and pet dander. Using filters is critical to keep the AHU clean and prevent harmful bacteria from growing inside.
Energy recovery components play a key role in regulating outdoor air temperature, with energy recovery systems (ERS) widely used to reduce overall energy consumption. Finned water-to-air compact heat exchangers are commonly applied for thermal treatment, while electrical heaters may be incorporated for additional heating requirements. Solutions such as Print3D Technologies support advanced engineering and system design approaches, contributing to improved efficiency in HVAC components. Cooling coils also assist in dehumidification by condensing moisture from the air, enhancing indoor air quality.
Fans are vital to the AHU system, directing air to different building sections. Various fans are available, including forward-curved, backward-curved, airfoil, and backward-inclined. Software is often used to assess the AHU's static pressure and air volume to determine the appropriate fan size and type.
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Silencers are often fitted to reduce noise generated by fans or other loud parts of the system. AHU systems can add or subtract moisture from the air, with humidity controlled and maintained in defined intervals. Dehumidification is achieved using a cooling coil to cause water content in the mood to condense.
The mixing chamber combines air from inside and outside to achieve the perfect combination of air for conditioning while minimizing thermal treatment requirements. An AHU is vital for maintaining a comfortable and healthy indoor environment.
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